The Mathematical Formulation of Equal Periodic Payments
Fixed-rate amortized debt distributes equal payments across \(n\) periods. Monthly interest is computed by multiplying the periodic interest rate \(r = \frac{APR}{12}\) by the remaining principal balance. Because principal reduces slowly initially, early payments consist overwhelmingly of non-equity interest.
Monthly EMI Formula
EMI = [P × r × (1 + r)n] / [(1 + r)n − 1]